During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste increased to 60% with an average annual increase of 4.2%. - Excerpted from the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan Outline for the People's Republic of China on National Economic and Social Development" With the successive exposure of chromium slag pollution incidents in Qinghai, Shandong, Liaoning, Hubei, Shandong, and Chongqing, many regions now want to use chromium. Salt projects are not an easy task. Judging from the impact of the chromium slag incident, the national "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" outline proposes that the "comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid wastes increased to 60%, with an average annual growth of 4.2%," which is a goal for the development of the petroleum and chemical industries. Very timely. In fact, the solid waste disposal problem has always been a headache for many oil and chemical companies. Statistics show that the annual industrial solid waste generated by the petroleum and chemical industries is about 68 million tons, and solid waste emissions account for 5.9% of China's industrial solid waste emissions, ranking fifth. Due to the large number of products in the petroleum and chemical industries, solid waste is also diverse. For example, in the field of phosphate fertilizers, about 5 tons of phosphogypsum is produced as a byproduct of the production of 1 ton of phosphoric acid. At present, China's annual output of phosphogypsum is more than 20 million tons, especially in Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan, where the waste residue of phosphate fertilizer enterprises has reached hundreds of millions of tons, and it also grows at a rate of 15% per year. In 2004, the main product of China's chlor-alkali industry was PVC. The output is 5.023 million tons, of which the calcium carbide method accounts for 60%, and the output is about 3 million tons, resulting in the production of more than 3 million tons of calcium carbide slag; the cumulative amount of chromium slag accumulated in the national chromium salt industry reaches more than 2 million tons, and an additional 500,000 will be added each year. ~600,000 tons; China's annual production of used tires has reached about 100 million, and the annual growth rate of double-digit, the current production volume has ranked second in the world ... ... For the oil and chemical industry, it is necessary to actively The solution to this headache is nothing but two ways: harmless treatment and resource utilization. Among them, resource utilization is the best policy. Because innocent treatment is a negative and wasteful conversion, and resource utilization is a positive and value-reducing transformation, waste can be turned into resources, and economic returns can be generated. Circular economy development concept. However, it can be said that the current level of comprehensive utilization of solid waste in the oil and chemical industry is still lagging behind that of other domestic industries. According to statistics, the overall utilization rate of industrial solid waste in the country has reached 55.8% as of last year, but the industry’s major solid wastes such as chromium slag, phosphogypsum, and calcium carbide slag are used in addition to a comprehensive utilization rate of waste tires of about 70%. The comprehensive utilization rate of materials is very low, and some of them are still in their infancy. The importance of improving the overall utilization of solid waste is self-evident to the development of the petroleum and chemical industry. Nowadays, for the treatment of solid wastes, most enterprises in the industry use the method of stockpiling. Even if all the solid wastes are harmlessly treated, how much space can be stacked in the increasingly tense land resources? If the plant area is surrounded by high-level waste, then How to develop? Therefore, the comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste increased 4.2% per year is an expected indicator for the country, but for the industry, it should be completed as a binding indicator.
Special Heatsink
A special heatsink is a device that is designed to dissipate heat from electronic components or devices. It is typically made of a thermally conductive material, such as aluminum or copper, and is designed to increase the surface area of the component it is attached to, which in turn increases the rate of heat dissipation.Special heatsinks are used in a wide range of electronic applications, including computers, mobile devices, LED lighting, and power electronics. They are particularly important in high-performance applications where heat can cause damage to sensitive components or reduce their performance.There are many different types of special heatsinks available, including passive heatsinks, active heatsinks, and liquid-cooled heatsinks. Passive heatsinks rely on natural convection to dissipate heat, while active heatsinks use fans or other mechanisms to increase airflow and improve heat dissipation. Liquid-cooled heatsinks use a liquid coolant to transfer heat away from the component, which can be particularly effective in high-power applications.Overall, special heatsinks are an essential component in many electronic systems, helping to ensure reliable performance and prevent damage from heat buildup.
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